Camera.



F. W.. CALDEN'.

CAMERA.

' APPLICATION man OCT. 6. 1914.

Patented Apr. 6,1915;

INVENTOR WITNESSES:

4&4 v 25%- FRED W. CALDER, OF BURLINGTON, VERMONT.

CAMERA.

To all whom it mag concern:

Be it known that I, Fm W. m

. citizen of the United States, residing at Burlington, in the county of ,Chittenden and State of Vermont,have invented a new and useful Improvement in Cameras, of

which the following is a specification.

My invention has for its object a novel locking attachment for a box type of camera; and it consists of the construction, arrangement and combination of parts and devices hereinafter described and claimed, and

shown in the accompanying drawings, in which 0 Figure 1 1s a plan view of a portlon of a box type of camera with my locking mechanism, with the shutter-lever unlocked; Fig.

2 is. a side elevational View of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is'an end elevational view of certa n parts of the locking mechanism; Figs. 4 and 6 are plan views of the lockin mechanism with the full lines,

shutter-lever locked; Fig. .5 is a plan View,

sequent picture.

As is known, the shutter ofthe camera 1s always set and is operated by pushing the shutter-lever alternately to the right or left.

' 'film roll for that picture,

v .the turning of the film reel To take a picture, the shutter-lever is pressed to one side to cause the shutter to open andexpose the film. When it is desired to take a subsequent picture, the winding reel should be turned by the winding key to turn off enough of the film of the thereby turning a new film into position for the picture. The aforegoin operation is repeated for each picture. he film roll is divided into exposures of suitableand the same size, and numbered "consecutively. In the back of the camera is a little red window, and by watching in which, the numerals can be read as they are brought to view therethrough by to bring a new exposure into the proper position to take a Specification of Letterl Patent. Appucation'fll'ed October 6,

'key should be 1914. Serial No. 865,289.

Patented Apr. 6, 1915.

picture. By operating the shutter by its lever the shutter is opened and the picture taken, as has before taking. the next picture, the winding turned to bring a new film into position. But, as has been 'written,

been explained. At some time above, it is sometimes the case that through Q forgetfulness, consequently a new film is not brought into position, with the resultv that the subsequent picture is taken upon the one already taken, or in brief, a double exposure, as it is called, is had, and of course, both pictures ruined. What is. even more annoying than loss of film, is the loss of the pictures, since it is often the case that the fact of double exposure is not known until the development of the pictures. As is stated, above, the shutter is operated by a lever by pushing the lever alternately to the right or left,

"and I have taken advantage of the arrangethe key 1s not turned and v ment to provide a locking mechanism which engages the lever and looks it against being I pushed over from one side to the other unless and until a new film is ready, in proper position for the taking of the picture. I

, have further adapted and arranged the lock-.

ing mechanismto be unlocked by the turning of the winding key to bring anew film into position. Thus, if the shutter-lever be pushed to take a picture, but is found to be lockedfa double exposure the operator is reminded that a new film should be brought into position. By turning the winding key the new film is brought into position and the locking mechanism unlocked to permit the shutter; lever to be pushed to operate, the shutter to take the picture.

I will now proceed to describe my invention. Itis shown in the drawing applied to a box-type of camera, having the usual case or box portion, C, which contains the film reel, fr, the small window or s'ightopening in the back'of the box (not shown), the winding-key, 'w'k, the lens and shutterholding portion, Z's, and the shutter-lever, sl, all of which are usual to the camera and the mode of operation of which I have already mentioned.

- I securely fasten a base plate, 1, to the box on the same. side that the winding-key and shutter-lever are. The base plate is for con- 'venience and workmanship, and can be omitted, as will appear later on from the disis prevented, and

closure. On the base plate, I place another line, with aproject1on or extension, 3,

adapted to extend into the path of the circle described by the end of the cross bar of the winding-key, for a purpose described later on. It is obviousthat the outlineshape of the plate 2 is not of consequence, provided that'its edge next to the shutter-lever, s-Z,

be substantially straight, and that some part of the plate shall be engageable by the bar of the winding-key, -70. There are two' notches, 4:, in the edge of theplate2 next to the shutter-lever, sl. There is a lever, 5,

pivoted between the plate 2 and the shutterlever, sl, which I may term a locking lever; one end 5 of the lever 5 is adapted to be engaged in the notches 4, in the plate 2 when the latter is in a locking position, by the action of a spring-6, which tends to move the plate 2'toward the lever 5. The other end 5 of the lever 5 is in engagement with the shutter-lever, s-Z. Upon the plate, 2, I place a guard plate'7, having a nose, 8, midway of the length of its front edge, and projecting therefrom, and having notches, .9, in its front edge, at the base of the nose. The notches 4 and 9 are adapted to register with each other when .the shutter-lever is locked, the end 5' of the locking lever being in engagement with two of the notches, 4 and 9, as will be seen upon reference to Figs. 4 and 6; but the notches 4 and 9 do not register with each other when the locking lever is not inengagement with them, as will be seen upon reference to Figs. 1' and 5. The straight portions of the front edge of the plate 7 serve to hold the end 5 of the looking lever out 'of engagement with the notches 4 and 9, as will be seen upon reference. to Fig. 1. The nose 8 serves asffa point of engagement to enable the end 5 of thelockin lever 5 to move the plate 7 acrossthe' front edge of the plate 2, against the tension of 'a v spring, 10, which tends to hold the guard plate 7 midway between the ends of the plate 2. The guard plate 7 is guided in its reciprocation across the plate 2 by means of a.

pin 2', in the plate 2, "extended in a slot/7 in the guard plate 7, and a flange 2"-raised from the edge of the late 2. .One end, 10, of the spring, 10, is ee between two posts 7 upstanding from the plate 7; the other end, 10" of the spring 10 1s fast to the plate 2. Loosely jointed to one end 411 -10, of the cross-bar of the winding-key, w-k, is anextension, 11, dropping from which is a post, 11', adapted to strike the extension 3 of the plate, 2, upon the turning of the key, and if when the joint is held stiff, to move the plate 2 in a direction from the shutter-lever,

sl, and lever 5, and to free the end 5' of the lever 5 from the notches4 and 9, as is shown in Fig. 1. When the projection 11 has moved the plate 2 far enough to allow the projection, 11', and the extension 3 to escape fromengagement with each other, the spring 6 will return the plate 2 toward the lever, 5. There is in the camera box, a reel, upon whichis to be wound the film 'wit the pictures on it from the roll of film. At the beginning, the reel is empty; as the film. is wound on the reel, from the spool,

the diameter of the reel and its contents be comes larger. As has been explained, the windingkey is used to turn ofi a new film and is also used to move the plate 2 from engagement with the lever 5, to permit the shutter lever 8-1. to be pushed .to one side to operate the shutter. It evident that the reel and winding-key are turned the same distance each time for the key to strike and move the plate 2, but as the principal object in turning the winding-key is to bring a new film to proper position and as the diameter of the reel increases with each turn of the key, the distance thediey is turned 7 each time grows less and less, the consequence is that when a new film is in proper .position the extension 11 of the key may havehad to pass by the extension, 3, of the plate, 2, thereby prematurely releasing the lever 5, whereas the plan is that the shutterlever shall be locked until and unless a new film is in proper position for a picture to be taken. To provideagainst the premature -.unlockingfof the shutter lever, the extension 11*is flexibly joined to the key, so that the post 11' may pass by the plate 2 without moving the same, but that when the operator sees in the sight window that the new film is about to be brought to proper position, he

will hold stiflf with his hand the oint of the extensionll, so that the post 11 will moveexample, as in the positions shown in Figs.

Assume that a plcture has been taken, and theshutter-lever, s-Z, is locked, say for y now describe the operation of my 4 and 6, the'shutter-lever cannot be pushed to one side to operate the shutter, and, there.-

fore, another or a double exposure of the picture taken can not be had. Upon attempting to push the shutter-lever to one side to take another picture, the operator is reminded by the shutter-lever being looked that a new-film has not been brought to, the

- proper position, whereupon, he proceeds to turn the winding key to bring anew film into position, in the meanwhile watching in the little red window for the numeral/indicating the new film. If the new film does not appear at the instant the post 11- strikes the extension 3, the flexible joint will allow the post to pass by the extension 3 without moving the plate 2, and the shutter-lever will remain locked, Upon observing that the new film is about to be brought to the proper position, the operator will hold the joint stifi of the post 11' and allow the key to move the plate 2 out of engagement with the locking lever 5, Whereat both the new film-will be in the proper position and the shutter lever will be unlocked, ready to be pushed to one side to operate the shutter. If the operator observes that the key will not be in a position to move the plate 2 to unlock the shutter-lever, when'the new film shall be in the proper position, the operator.

' can hold the post stifi on an earlier turn of vthe kev to unlock the lever 5, or when the new film is in proper position he can move the plate2 with his hand to unlock the shutte'r-lever. It will be observedin Fig. 4: that the end 5 'of the locking lever 5 is in a -locked position on the near side of the nose 8 and in two of the notchesl and 9, in the plates 2 and 7 respectively, and in Fig. 6

that the end 5 of the lever 5'is on the far side ofthe nose 8. Upon the plates 2 and 7 being moved from engagement with the lever 55, the spring 10'moves the plate 7 to its midway position and the nose 8 pastor to the. other side of the lever '5; and when the two plates are partially restored by the action of the spring 10 to the position as 5 they were, aswith respect to their movement' to and from the lever, the straight-portion of the guard plate 7 comes into contact with I the end of the lever and keeps the plate 2 from being wholly returned to'its initial position, thereby keeping'a notch 4: from engaging the end of the lever 5, thereby preventing the leverv 5 from becoming locked again, and thereby preventing theshutoter .lever and immediately thereafter to .be

locked again before the shutter been 0 erated. I,

Whi e'the device and its mode of o era tion have been given some length 0 description, the invention is simple, the parts simple of construction-and the combination inexpensive of manufacture, and .easy and lever has convenient to manipulate, and will save its cost many times over. H

desire to claim as my invention What I 1. An apparatus to' prevent double ex- 1 posure with a. photographic camera, comprising means to lock the shutter-lever in its extreme position of travel to snap the shutter, including a member, and another member associated therewith to maintain the shutter lever unlocked during its operation to, snap the shutter, in combination with the winding-key of the camera, and a post operable thereby to unlock the shutter lever.

2. An apparatus to prevent double ex--- posure with a photographic camera, comprising means to. lock the shutter-lever against being operated in its extreme position of travel to snap the shutter in both directions, including a member, and another member associated therewith to maintain the shutter lever unlocked diiring its opera tion to snap the shutter, in combination with the winding key of the'camera, and a post operable thereby to unlock the shutter lever.

3. An apparatus to prevent double exposure with a photographic camera, comprising means to lock the shutter lever in its extreme position of travel to snap the shutter, including a member, and another ,member associated therewith, to maintainthe shutter lever unlocked ,during itsop .eration to snap the shutter, in combination with the winding-key of the camera, and a post; operable thereb to unlock the shutter lever, the said post eing pivotally retractable. Y

posure with a photographic camera, comprising means ,to lock the shutter-lever against being operated in its extreme posi--' tion of travel to snap the shutter in both directions, including a member, and another member associated therewith to maintain,

4. An apparatus to "prevent double exthe shutter lever unlocked during its operation to snap the shutter, in combination the shutter lever. 1 5, An apparatus to prevent double ex prising means to lock the shutter-lever, in

its extreme position-of travel to snap the shutter, including a member, and another member associated therewith, to maintain "the shutter lever unlocked during its opera tion to snapthe shutter. 16. An apparatus to prevent double expo:

sure'in a photographic camera, comprising, -.'f

means to lock the shutter lever in'its extreme position of travel, to snap the shutter, in-,

eluding a member to snap the'shutter, and a another member, associatedwith the said with the winding key of the camera, and a; e pivotally retractable. post carried by the winding key and operable thereby to unlock posure with aphotographic camera, com,

locking member, to prevent the latter from locking'the shutter lever during the operation 015' the same to snap the shutter. 7. In an apparatus to prevent double exposure in a photographic camera, comprising a member adapted to lock the shutter, a ard member, automatically operable, an a'lever, having one end. adapted to'engage the shutter lever, and the other end to the said notches, upon the movement of the said locking member to and from the said' other end of the connecting lever, a spring tending to hold the locking member to the connecting lever, and a guard member, having notches in it, and a nose, movable, by pushing the end of the connecting :lever against'the nose, to register the notches in the guard member with 'the. notches in the locking member and engage the end of the v connecting lever.

9. An apparatus to prevent double, exposure in a photographic camera, comprising a movable locking member, having notches in it, a connecting lever, pivoted between the said locking member and the shutter-lever, one end of the connecting lever engaged with the shutter-lever and the other end adaptable to be engaged in-and disengaged from the said notches, upon the movement of the other endof the connecting lever, a spring tending to hold the locking member to the connecting lever, and a guard member, hav-- ing notches in it,-a nose, movable, by pushing the end of the connecting lever against the nose, to register the notches in the guard member with the notches in the v locking member and engage the end of the connecting lever, and a spring tending to hold the guard plate in a position to hold thelocking member disengaged from the end'oi the connecting -lever. I

1Q. An apparatus to prevent double exposure in a photographic camera, comprising a movable lockingmember, having notches in. it, a connectingrlever, pivoted between the said lockin' member and the shutter lever,

one end of t e connecting lever engaged with l the shutter-lever and the other end adaptsaid locking member to and from the said the said notc es, upon the movement ofthe said locking member to and from the said other end of the connecting lever, a spring tending tohold the locking member tothe connecting lever, and a guard member, having notches in it, a nose, movable, by pushmember with the notches in the locking member and engage'the end of the connecting lever, and a spring tending to hold the able to be en aged in and disengaged from ing the end of the connecting lever against Y the nose, to register the notches in the guard guard plate in a position to hold-the locking member disengaged from theend of the connecting lever in combination With the winding key of the camera, and a retractable connection between the locking plate and key.

11. In a photographic camera, the combination of the shutter mechanism, film rollfeedingmechanism, a locking mechanism to prevent movement of the shutter mechanism in its extreme position of travel to snap the shutter adapted to be unlocked by the movement oi the film-roll feeding mechanism, the shutter and 'filmroll' feedingv mechanisms being separately operable, and means auto-' matically operable to maintain the locking and shutter mechanisms out of engagement I with each other during the operation of the shutter mechanism. e

12. In a photographic apparatus, the combination with a shutter-actuating device, a-

reciprocable member normally projecting into the path of the shutter-actuating mechanism, and means automaticall to maintain the member when Withdrawn romj the path of the shutter-actuating mechanism in such position until the completion of the operation of the shutter-actuating mechanism.

13. Ina photographic apparatus, the combination with a shutter-actuating device, a reciprocable member normally projecting into the pathof the shutter=actuat1ng mechanism to lock the same in its extreme position of travel to snap the shutter, and meansautomatically to maintain the member when withdrawn from the path of the shutteractuating mechanism in such position until the completion ofthe operation of the shut-\ ter-actuatingmechanism, and means automatically to release the member from its withdrawn position upon the completion of the operation of the shutter-actuating mechanism to allow the member to project again into thepath ofthe shutter-actuating mechamsm.

In testimony whereof .I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' I FRED CALDEN.

Witnesses; An'rrmn G MANsUR', GEoRenW. LA Pmnuu. 

